Improve BinarySearch documentation with examples and explanation

[AbhiramSakha]

Closes #
Closes #
Improved documentation for BinarySearch by adding:

• Step-by-step explanation
• Example usage
• Time complexity details

This helps beginners understand the algorithm more clearly.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 79.45%. Comparing base (af1d9d1) to head (56c31c1).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##             master    #7328   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     79.45%   79.45%           
- Complexity     7074     7078    +4     
=========================================
  Files           789      789           
  Lines         23150    23150           
  Branches       4553     4553           
=========================================
+ Hits          18393    18394    +1     
- Misses         4021     4022    +1     
+ Partials        736      734    -2     

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